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Central Europe holding up fairly well amid US tariffs The Q2 GDP data released out of Hungary and Czechia confirmed that both economies have held up reasonably well since the introduction of US tariffs in April. With the EU-US trade deal likely to deal …
30th July 2025
This publication has been updated to reflect changes to our forecasts after the June housing transactions release on 31st July 2025 and the July Nationwide house price release on 1st August 2025. Overview – The stuttering jobs market and the softening …
29th July 2025
The continued rise in EM sovereign FX debt sales this year suggests that EM governments have accepted the need to issue at higher yields, but are doing so at shorter maturities than in the past. And despite some high-profile issuances, there’s no clear …
Our View: The EU-US trade agreement, which will impose a 15% tariff on most EU goods exports to the US, will deal only a small hit to GDP growth across Central and Eastern Europe. With inflation pressures in parts of the region likely to remain strong …
Net lending to property rises to 17-year high Net lending to commercial property is showing no signs of slowing down, with a total of £2bn advanced in June. And in the three months to June, net lending totalled £5.6bn, the highest amount since 2008. Both …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. We’ll be discussing the outlook for Bank of England, Fed and ECB policy in a 20-minute online Drop-In at 3pm BST on Thursday 31 st July. (Register here .) Households becoming …
The recovery in euro-zone investment paused in Q2 against a backdrop of trade policy and economic uncertainty. While the trade deal means some of that uncertainty has reduced, we expect that the recovery in investment in H2 will still be gradual given …
Euro-zone equities have, in general, already given back much of their gains after this weekend’s trade deal between the US and the EU. And we don’t foresee a new wave of euro-zone exceptionalism. One reason is our view of the euro, which fell quite …
28th July 2025
The use of the exchange rate as a nominal anchor for prices – as is currently the case in Turkey and Argentina – has a broadly successful track record in bringing down inflation in the emerging world (particularly in the 1980s and 1990s). But past …
There have been renewed calls for a wealth tax recently as a means of narrowing budget deficits. However, experience suggests that most countries would struggle to raise more than around 0.1% of GDP from such a tax. Moreover, the countries which are most …
The trade agreement confirmed yesterday by Presidents Trump and von der Leyen could result in the average tariff on US imports from the EU rising from 1.2% last year to about 17%. We think this will reduce EU GDP by about 0.2%. While the deal has avoided …
The combination of some relatively hawkish signals from the ECB yesterday and some more soggy data out of the UK has sent the euro to its strongest level against sterling since late 2023. We think there is more to come on that front as the BoE continues …
25th July 2025
Some (relatively) positive news on tariffs ... The tariff saga took another twist this week with the EU and US reported to be approaching an agreement which would see a US tariff of 15% applied to most EU goods. We commented on the implications for the EU …
Public borrowing may have been bang in line with the Office for Budget Responsibility’s forecast for the first three months of the 2025/26 fiscal year. (See here .) But the underlying upward trend looks worrying. Having reached a cumulative total of …
Reports this week suggest that the EU and US are on the brink of agreeing a trade deal with a 15% baseline tariff on US imports. ( See here. ) It’s hard to spin it as a good deal, but it would at least avoid much higher US tariffs and retaliation from the …
CBR steps up easing as economy slows The decision by the Central Bank of Russia (CBR) to accelerate it is monetary easing cycle today with a 200bp cut to its policy rate, to 18.00%, signals that policymakers are becoming more concerned about the slowing …
German economy resilient to tariffs, but activity still weak The Ifo survey for July confirms that the German economy has been resilient to tariffs so far but that underlying growth remains weak. With tariffs likely to weigh on activity even if a EU-US …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. We’ll be discussing the outlook for Bank of England, Fed and ECB policy in a 20-minute online Drop-In at 3pm BST on Thursday 31 st July. (Register here .) Disappointing end to Q2 …
History shows that there are no debt or deficit thresholds beyond which a fiscal crisis is inevitable. Rather, crises stem from a mix of high debt, poor debt dynamics, and weak fiscal credibility, which erode investor confidence and raise vulnerability to …
24th July 2025
The ECB has left rates unchanged and, with inflation at target, we now suspect its monetary easing cycle is over. So bond yields are unlikely in our view to fall much, particularly at the short end. We still expect the euro to fall, but that reflects our …
With the euro-zone economy holding up relatively well in the face of tariff uncertainty, inflation likely to stay close to the target and President Lagarde adopting a slightly more hawkish stance at today’s press conference, we think the ECB will leave …
Although a forecast global real estate return of sub-6% p.a. over the next decade appears disappointing, compared to other assets it stacks up well. We expect sub-4% total returns for both global government bonds and equities over our 10-year forecast. …
Chances of further rate cut diminishing The ECB’s decision to leave its deposit rate unchanged at 2.0% today and offer no guidance on future rate decisions was in line with expectations. While we are currently forecasting one more 25bp rate cut in this …
CBRT delivers dovish surprise, but easing likely to slow down from here The decision by Turkish central bank to cut its one-week repo rate by 300bp today, to 43.00%, was a slight dovish surprise, but the accompanying communications remained hawkish and we …
Yields for the main commercial property sectors have been remarkably stable over past 18 months, and we expect that stability will continue. That means capital value growth will average under 3% p.a. over 2025-29. Thanks to stronger rental growth the …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Upside risks to inflation continue to fade July’s flash PMIs paint a picture of the economy struggling to recover from a spring lull, a labour market that is still weakening and …
Economy growing slowly, services price pressures easing July’s Composite PMI for the euro-zone was consistent with the economy doing little more than stagnate. But policymakers at the ECB will be encouraged by the evidence that services price pressures …
Reported trade deal suggests escalation will be avoided Media reports suggest that the EU and US are approaching an agreement which would see a baseline tariff of 15% covering most products including vehicles. If confirmed (and of course President Trump …
23rd July 2025
Recent surveys of real estate lenders point to a continued improvement in the European commercial real estate lending environment. However, with refinancing still dominating lending activity, this is unlikely to provide a material boost to investment this …
Government bond yields in the euro-zone are converging, and we expect the “peripheral” frontier to keep blurring. Fears about deteriorating public finances are mounting in many places – for instance, Gilt yields opened higher today as an early data …
22nd July 2025
Above-target inflation to keep MNB on hold for some time The Hungarian central bank (MNB) left its base rate unchanged today at 6.50%, and we think that interest rates will remain at this level throughout 2025. That’s a more hawkish view than the …
Oil prices have fallen back in the wake of the Israel-Iran ceasefire and, with more oil supply coming online, we think that prices will decline further. Fiscal policy in the Gulf will become less supportive as a result, weighing on activity in non-oil …
The Q2 Bank Lending Survey, published this morning by the ECB, suggests that the economy is still growing at a decent pace. But this is entirely due to improving prospects for the housing sector. The survey suggests that business investment will remain …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Good start to the year over and tax rises to come Despite the £3.6bn overshoot in June, public borrowing is still in line with the OBR’s forecasts for the first three months of …
We think France’s government borrowing costs will rise above those of Italy before long. This may seem surprising in light of Italy’s higher debt burden and lower trend growth rate, but it reflects the fact that France’s debt dynamics are worse and its …
21st July 2025
Artificial intelligence’s share of global electricity consumption is set to at least double by 2030, to around 3% of the total, and could drive almost half of electricity consumption growth in the US over that period. Although some have suggested that a …
Low vacancy and limited new completions this year will see Rotterdam rent growth continue to outperform Amsterdam over 2025, before supply picks up substantially in 2026. That will bring rent growth rates in the two markets back into line later in the …
18th July 2025
We have not changed our view that inflation and interest rates will fall further than most expect. (See here and our UK Data Dashboard .) But the data released over the past week raises the chances that inflation will remain higher for longer and rates …
Regulators will be pleased with the increase in the number of takeover bids in the European banking sector over the past couple of years as they would like the EU to have fewer but larger and more competitive banks. However, interventions by several …
CBRT may opt to tread more cautiously The big macroeconomic event in the region next week is the Turkish central bank (CBRT) meeting, at which it’s likely to resume its easing cycle. There is a wide range of forecasts as to the size of the interest rate …
Attention returns to sanctions on Russia One of the key themes that developed in the oil market this week was the prospect of additional and tightening sanctions on the Russian energy sector. Indeed, the week began with President Trump threatening on …
The latest news on trade negotiations between European countries and the US are increasing concerns around future tariffs. US President Trump has said that a 200% tariff on pharmaceutical products and related goods will “probably” be announced by the 1st …
The current narrow spread between property yields and financing costs, combined with bullish lender capital value expectations, might be seen as an indication that a credit cycle is brewing and capital values are about to take-off. But other market …
The ECB looks set to leave its deposit rate at 2.0% next week. We are forecasting a 25bp rate cut in September, but a prolonged pause is possible. Tariffs will dominate the conversation but not yet affect ECB policy. The ECB looks set to leave rates …
17th July 2025
Measures of fiscal risk premia have generally eased across Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) over the past few months, but the region’s public debt dynamics remain a point of concern. Budget deficits are wide and pressure for higher government spending – …
With President Trump’s 1 st August deadline for high “reciprocal” tariffs fast approaching, recent weeks have seen a flurry of deals around the world. But where does all of this leave us and are markets right to be relieved? Our senior economists hosted …
Headline inflation in the euro-zone was at the 2% target in June, with the core rate a little higher. We forecast core inflation to decline to 2% by the end of the year, and if oil prices fall as we expect, headline inflation could be as low as 1.5% by …
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Fallout not as big, but payroll employment still falling The fallout in the labour market from the hikes in National Insurance Contributions and the minimum wage is not as big as …
Data published today showed euro-zone exports fell for a second successive month in May but there was evidence of continued front- running in sectors that have not yet been hit by tariffs. And even in sectors which have been hit by tariffs, exports were …
16th July 2025
This page has been updated with additional analysis since first publication. Unexpected rise in inflation probably won’t prevent further rate cuts The unexpected rise in CPI inflation from 3.4% in May to a 17-month high of 3.6% in June (consensus & BoE …
