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In this Update , we answer the key questions about what the exclusion of Russian banks for SWIFT means for Russia and the rest of the world. What is SWIFT? SWIFT (“The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication”) provides payments …
28th February 2022
The sanctions imposed on Russia’s central bank freeze a significant portion of its foreign currency assets, rendering at least half largely unusable. The sharp tightening of capital controls today will remain the order of the day for some time, but …
The ratcheting up of Western sanctions over the weekend has left Russian banks on the edge of crisis. They face both large deposit withdrawals and the prospect of a rise in non-performing loans, which are likely to cause credit conditions to tighten and …
Robust performance, but downturn likely at start of 2022 Turkey’s economy weathered the initial fallout from the currency crisis well, with GDP rising by 1.5% q/q in Q4 of last year, but a downturn is likely at the start of this year. The Russia-Ukraine …
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on 24 th February will have significant and far-reaching implications for some time to come. The situation on the ground is still in flux and the endgame is simply unknown at this stage. But as we explained in our reaction to …
25th February 2022
Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine has caused turmoil in financial markets across the region. Western nations have imposed sanctions on Russia, including targeting some of its largest banks and their access to the international financial system. …
The latest Western sanctions on Russia will hit its economy hard through tighter financial conditions and reduced trade, and might plausibly hit GDP by 1-2%-pts. But sanctions stopped short of the more damaging scenario – both for Russia and Europe – in …
Russia’s decision to send troops to eastern Ukraine has prompted US sanctions on the two breakaway Ukrainian regions, and Western governments are lining up further measures that would hit Russia itself. But there is a wide range of sanctions that could be …
22nd February 2022
The strength of the latest activity, labour market and inflation data prompted a shift in guidance from the Bank of Israel today in which it said that it may start a tightening cycle in the coming months. We think the firing gun will be started in April …
21st February 2022
Economic activity continued to thrive in January Poland’s economic recovery continued to motor along at the start of this year as industrial production and retail sales growth picked up sharply in January. This came alongside further signs of an …
Strong rebound in GDP supports case for “higher for longer” interest rates The 4.7% expansion in Russian GDP in 2021 is consistent with a marked acceleration in growth in Q4. We expect the recovery to slow this year but the backdrop of a large and …
18th February 2022
Another week of Russia-Ukraine tensions Russia-Ukraine tensions dominated the headlines again this week and financial markets whipsawed on concerns about an imminent invasion and reports of shelling in eastern Ukraine. But an announcement by President …
The further rise in inflation to close to 50% y/y in January was clearly not enough to sway Turkey’s central bank (and crucially, President Erdogan) to shift back to orthodoxy as the one-week repo rate was left at 14.00% at today’s MPC meeting. We expect …
17th February 2022
The rest of Emerging Europe is particularly exposed if a further escalation of Russia-Ukraine tensions lead to higher global energy prices and disruptions to commodity exports, with Bulgaria and the Baltic States most at risk from possible interruptions …
16th February 2022
Ukraine’s economy as a whole is in a better position to weather significant capital flight and sharp falls in the hryvnia than at any point in the past decade. But even so, there are key pockets of vulnerability that could be exposed if there is a major …
Rapid acceleration bolsters case for interest rate hike Israel’s economic recovery unexpectedly accelerated at the end of last year, with the 16.6% annualised rise in GDP in Q4 pushing it far above its pre-pandemic trend. Alongside the rise in inflation …
Tensions between Russia and the West have intensified and rattled global financial markets. Amidst the uncertain situation, this Update brings together some of the key implications of the crisis for Russia, Ukraine and the rest of Emerging Europe . (See …
15th February 2022
Strong end to Q4 but headwinds will put the brakes on recoveries Q4 GDP data for Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) were generally stronger-than-expected as policymakers responded to virus outbreaks with only light-touch restrictions and easing supply …
Adam “the hawk” Glapinski takes flight Comments from Poland’s central bank Governor Glapinski this week that the NBP will do whatever it takes to tackle inflation underline the hawkish shift from the NBP this year. This supports our view that interest …
11th February 2022
Russia’s central bank (CBR) maintained the pace of its tightening cycle today with another 100bp interest rate hike, to 9.50%, and the hawkish communications suggest that the cycle will not stop until the CBR has confidence that inflation has peaked. This …
Consumer-led sectors drive downturn at end of 2021 Turkey’s latest activity figures suggest that easing supply constraints and the boost to competitiveness from a weak lira supported industry in December, but household spending suffered as the currency’s …
Inflation continues to rise, another large rate hike incoming The latest data show that Russia’s economy grew strongly in December and that consumer price inflation rose to 8.7% y/y in January. The inflation reading was weaker than expected, but inflation …
9th February 2022
The National Bank of Romania (NBR) accelerated its tightening cycle today with a 50bp hike to its key policy rate (to 2.50%) and, with inflation firmly above the central bank’s target, we think this cycle has plenty more room to run. We now expect the …
The National Bank of Poland (NBP) raised its policy rate by another 50bp, to 2.75%, at today’s meeting and, while there was little change in language in the statement, we think a backdrop of strong wage and price pressures will prompt further hikes to …
8th February 2022
Weak lira not having the desired trade effect? The latest indicators raise concerns that the boost to Turkey’s competitiveness from a weak lira that the government has been banking on as part of its new growth model may not be having the desired effect. …
4th February 2022
The Czech National Bank (CNB) slowed the pace of its tightening cycle for the second consecutive month today and the accompanying communications were less hawkish than expected and suggest that there is little appetite for much more significant …
3rd February 2022
Back to the early 2000s Turkey’s headline inflation rate rose to a stronger-than-expected 48.7% y/y in January due to the effects of the recent collapse in the lira and large hikes to energy tariffs and it is likely to stay close these high rates …
Supply disruptions continue to ease but price pressures mount The strong 0.9% q/q expansion of Czech GDP in Q4 is consistent with data showing a recovery in industry and we think this is likely to continue this year. Meanwhile, more timely manufacturing …
1st February 2022
Figures consistent with a strong rebound in Q4 The larger-than-expected 5.7% increase in Polish GDP over 2021 as a whole is consistent with another large expansion in Q4 and meant that the economy recovered faster than most other European economies from …
31st January 2022
CBRT puts emphasis on “lira-isation” The upward revision to the Turkish central bank’s inflation forecast in its Q1 Inflation Report this week, from 11.8% y/y to 23.2% y/y for end-2022, was just a matter of catching up with reality. The lira has sunk 30% …
28th January 2022
Sentiment holds up well at the start of the year The EC’s Economic Sentiment Indicators for January generally showed sentiment in Central and Eastern Europe holding up across all sectors of the economy. With Omicron waves likely to peak in the coming …
Industry across Emerging Europe turned a corner in Q4 as auto production rebounded strongly. This comes amid signs that supply shortages are starting to ease; our proprietary shortages dashboard suggests that product shortages may have peaked. We think …
27th January 2022
The sell-off in Russia’s financial markets in response to the reassessment of the likelihood of conflict with Ukraine has pushed up the risk premium on Russian assets to a similar level to that which followed the annexation of Crimea in 2014. There is …
A solid end to 2021 The latest activity data in Poland show that industry expanded strongly in Q4 but that the shine came off the retail sector amid falling consumer sentiment and surging inflation. We think that GDP expanded by around 6.8% y/y (1.1% q/q) …
24th January 2022
Ukraine’s markets in for a tough few months A positive reaction to today’s talks between the US and Russia may have brought some relief but, even if a renewed conflict doesn’t materialise, local markets are likely to face a difficult few months. Tensions …
21st January 2022
Overview – We expect regional GDP growth to come in below expectations this year as high inflation erodes households’ real incomes and policy becomes more restrictive. Despite this view on the growth outlook, we think that persistent capacity constraints …
20th January 2022
Turkey’s central bank (CBRT) followed kept its one-week repo rate on hold at 14.00% today and, even though inflation is likely to breach 40% in the coming months, President Erdogan is unlikely to permit interest rate hikes. We think it’s more likely that …
The “new economic model” adopted by Turkey’s government is likely to mean low real interest rates and a persistently weak lira, but it will come alongside a shift towards capital controls, ever higher inflation and growing fiscal and banking sector risks. …
18th January 2022
The deadlocked end to talks between Russia, the US and NATO and subsequent hawkish noises from Russian officials have caused a risk premium to emerge on Russian asset prices and will keep the prospect of tighter Western sanctions on the table. The …
14th January 2022
Russia-Ukraine tensions hit a new crisis point A tense week of negotiations between Russia, the US and NATO have ended with what now seems to be a more serious ratcheting up in tensions that is likely to weigh on local financial markets for some time. The …
Economy solid in November, but crisis to trigger fresh downturn Turkey’s industrial production and retail sales figures for November suggest that the economy held up relatively well in the middle of Q4. But the effects of the recent currency crisis are …
13th January 2022
Inflation stabilises, but rate hike cycle not over yet Russian inflation held steady at 8.4% y/y in December, but we think it will rise a bit further this month and prompt the central bank to deliver a final 75bp rate hike, to 9.25%, at its meeting next …
12th January 2022
We think GDP growth will come in below expectations this year. Even so, inflation will ultimately settle at a higher level than is currently appreciated and this feeds into our hawkish interest rate forecasts. We expect currencies to struggle in an …
10th January 2022
NBP defiant in the face of rising wage growth Poland’s central bank continued its tightening cycle this week, but recent comments from policymakers have made us more concerned that it is failing to appreciate the extent, persistence and possible …
7th January 2022
Industrial sentiment stabilises but restrictions weigh on services sector The EC’s Economic Sentiment Indicators for December showed that the Eastern European economies rebounded last month as Delta virus waves abated, but Central Europe saw further …
With central banks across Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) raising interest rates to tackle inflation, we think the risks of a wage-price spiral are low. Even so, persistently above-target inflation, tight labour market conditions and strong domestic …
5th January 2022
The National Bank of Poland (NBP) raised its policy rate by another 50bp, to 2.25% today and we expect at least another 75bp of tightening, to 3.00%, in the next few months. But with energy bills set to surge and wage pressures strengthening, the risks …
4th January 2022
The Czech National Bank (CNB) hiked rates by 100bp (to 3.75%) today and Governor Rusnok struck an incredibly hawkish tone after the meeting. The tightening cycle clearly has further to run and we now think the CNB will bring interest rates to 4.50% by …
22nd December 2021
A new scheme announced by Turkey’s President Erdogan last night, which compensates holders of lira deposits for exchange rates losses, has triggered a sharp rally in the lira and will help to mitigate some of the risks that had started to crystalise in …
21st December 2021
Inflation pressures have shown no signs of letting up across Emerging Europe, with headline inflation rates surging to multi-year highs in November. Producer price inflation has hit rates not seen in decades, food inflation continues to surge and strong …
20th December 2021
