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The Bank of Japan is getting more confident in meeting its inflation target on a sustained basis and signalled that inflation wouldn’t have to overshoot for policy to be tightened further. Nonetheless, policy rate hikes will become difficult to justify …
26th April 2024
The plunge in inflation in Tokyo in April was mostly due to a sharp fall in high school tuition fees and the provision of free school meals. The impact of those policy changes on nationwide inflation will be much smaller and they won’t affect the Bank of …
We now expect services inflation to remain around 2% this year as a fading tailwind from soaring hotel and package tour prices will be offset by stronger labour cost growth. The upshot is that the Bank of Japan will probably lift its policy rate once more …
23rd April 2024
The slump in the yen has resulted in Germany overtaking Japan as the world’s 3 rd largest economy at market exchange rates. We expect Japan to overtake Germany yet again in the early 2030s as the yen strengthens and Japan benefits from higher productivity …
9th April 2024
Once the Bank of Japan starts to reduce its huge holdings of Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs) in earnest, we think that commercial banks will once again become major holders of JGBs. Insurance firms may lift their holdings a touch further as well, but we …
2nd April 2024
We continue to think that policymakers in China and Japan will do enough to keep their currencies from weakening much further, but the risk of a break lower in one, or both, is increasing. Push-back from the authorities in China and Japan has stabilised …
27th March 2024
In the wake of this week’s FOMC and BoJ policy announcements we are revising our forecast for the Japanese yen. While we still expect the Japanese yen to rebound over the course of 2024, we now project it to reach 140 by the end of the year and 135 by …
21st March 2024
The Bank of Japan today called time on more than a decade of ultra-loose policy settings, but we don’t think it will lift its policy rate any further over the coming months. A Reuters survey conducted at the end of last week still showed that a majority …
19th March 2024
The decline in listed firms’ profit margins over the last couple of years despite the tailwind from a weaker yen suggests that improved corporate governance isn’t changing corporate behaviour. While timely data point to a rebound in profitability, the …
4th March 2024
We estimate that in the near-term, the drag on Japan’s exports resulting from of a universal 10% US import tariff could be nearly offset by Japan gaining market share at the expense of China in response to a much higher US tariff on Chinese imports. …
26th February 2024
The Bank of Japan has succeeded in creating tight labour market conditions through ultra-loose monetary policy and is now reaping the benefits in the form of stronger wage growth. The upshot is that we expect the Bank to end negative interest rates at its …
22nd February 2024
Japan’s industrial production data don’t fully take into account the influence of falling prices and have systematically underestimated the strength of manufacturing output. The upshot is that rather than losing importance, Japan’s industrial sector is …
19th February 2024
The rise in US bond yields has put renewed pressure on the yen, but we think further downside is limited. We still expect Treasury yields to resume their downward trend and for the yen to benefit most among G10 currencies vis-à-vis the dollar from this …
15th February 2024
The Bank of Japan sounds increasingly confident that it will be able to achieve its inflation target on a sustained basis. With Mr Ueda at the post-BOJ-meeting press conference again emphasising the importance of the spring wage negotiations, we think the …
23rd January 2024
Industrial output has usually fallen rather sharply whenever firms were as pessimistic about the production outlook as they are now. That’s consistent with our view that GDP growth next year will be weaker than most anticipate. One thing that stood out …
28th December 2023
The Bank of Japan left policy settings unchanged today as widely anticipated. And while Governor Ueda is sounding more confident that 2% inflation will be sustained, we now expect the Bank of Japan to end negative interest rates in March rather than in …
19th December 2023
In this Global Economics Update , we describe eight of the biggest risks to our economic forecasts for 2024. The unusual nature of this cycle and uncertainties surrounding the transmission of monetary policy mean that the biggest risks relate to central …
30th November 2023
We think the Bank of Japan’s continued steps towards policy normalisation are consistent with somewhat higher JGB yields and a significant rebound in the yen over the coming quarters. To recap, the BoJ made another tweak to its Yield Curve Control (YCC) …
2nd November 2023
The Bank of Japan today de facto abolished Yield Curve Control and we think policymakers will call time on negative interest rates as soon as January . A casual reading of today’s statement would suggest that policy settings were left unchanged: the Bank …
31st October 2023
Japan’s trade unions are demanding an even larger pay hike in the upcoming spring wage negotiations and we believe that the talks will result in a base pay hike of around 2.5%. While the Bank of Japan may wait until the first round of results of the talks …
20th October 2023
The job-to-applicant ratio has usually signalled earlier than the Tankan that the labour market has taken a turn for the worse. But despite the recent fall in the number of jobs relative to applicants, we still think that the labour market will soon start …
16th October 2023
Any fall in bond prices resulting from higher bond yields won’t affect the BoJ’s balance sheet unless the Bank decides to sell its holdings. By contrast, rising interest payments on commercial banks’ reserve holdings could create losses, though those …
10th October 2023
We expect any rise in bond yields to be gradual and don’t believe it will create major economic or market dislocation. But there are risks that the Bank of Japan loses control over longer-term yields . A rapid surge in bond yields would threaten the …
5th October 2023
The sell-off in bond markets has taken a breather today, helped in part by softer data on the US labour market. However, the scale of the moves over the past week has invoked comparisons to previous financial crises that have been caused by sharp moves in …
4th October 2023
By putting upward pressure on JGB yields and the yen, tighter monetary policy could lead to falls in the value of bonds and overseas assets held by Japanese investors. Insurance companies and pension funds have the most to lose. However, we do not think …
3rd October 2023
The abandonment of Yield Curve Control would probably prompt the Bank of Japan to reduce its bloated holdings of government bonds, which could push up long-term bond yields. However, there are good reasons to think that the fiscal consequences wouldn’t be …
25th September 2023
The Bank of Japan still sounded dovish when it kept policy settings unchanged today. But with inflation proving stickier than expected, we expect the Bank to lift its policy rate in January and have pencilled in the full-fledged dismantling of Yield Curve …
22nd September 2023
The wage-setting behaviour of Japanese firms has changed over the last couple of years and to reflect this we’re revising our long-run inflation forecast from 0.5% to 1.0%. However, that would still mean that inflation will settle well below the BoJ’s 2% …
19th September 2023
While policymakers’ efforts to prop up the renminbi and the yen alone are not enough to generate a lasting turnaround , they will probably do enough to buy time until US interest rate expectations and Treasury yields fall back and the dollar depreciates …
15th September 2023
At first glance, the rise in corporate profits to a record-high last quarter suggests that greedy firms are driving up consumer prices. However, we still think that most of the increase in inflation reflects surging import costs. Most importantly, the …
5th September 2023
We estimate that firms have now passed on all of the increase in import costs to consumer prices which suggests that inflation will slow sharply over the coming months. Japan’s import prices have fallen sharply in recent months. However, goods inflation …
22nd August 2023
Most of the plunge in import volumes last quarter reflects lower energy imports. With the Ukraine war rekindling concerns about energy security and energy prices remaining stubbornly high, import volumes may continue to fall in future even if domestic …
15th August 2023
The BoJ’s decision earlier today to, in effect, end its long-standing Yield Curve Control (YCC) policy means that long-term government bond yields in Japan will become more responsive to economic conditions and developments in global markets. While that …
28th July 2023
The Bank of Japan announced today that it will allow 10-year yields to rise above the 0.5% ceiling – which it says it is retaining – to a new “just-in-case” cap of 1.0%. With signs mounting of a virtuous cycle between inflation and wages, the chances of …
Comparing the proper inflation gauges reveals that core inflation in Japan remains far lower than elsewhere. And with most of the recent pick-up in core inflation reflecting soaring imports costs, the Bank of Japan’s assessment that above-target inflation …
26th July 2023
Last year’s sharp weakening of the yen hasn’t boosted goods exports, not least because most exports are invoiced in foreign currency and exporters haven’t slashed prices. Instead, it has lifted corporate profits which has encouraged firms to invest more …
13th July 2023
China has stepped up its support of the renminbi and Japan appears to be edging closer to direct intervention to prop up the yen. While pressure from higher US interest rates may well continue in the short term, we think that both currencies will rebound …
7th July 2023
Processed food inflation hit a fresh high in May but the recent moderation in food import prices as well as likely declines in domestic fertiliser prices suggest it will soon start to moderate. Food inflation reached an eye-watering 15.5% in the euro-zone …
5th July 2023
Central bankers have struck a hawkish tone at the ECB’s forum in Sintra this week, suggesting that rates haven’t yet peaked and cuts are not on the cards for some time. But there were some interesting differences in tone. Most notably, the ECB and BoE …
29th June 2023
At first glance, there’s little sign of friend-shoring among Japanese firms as they have directed a rising share of their outward foreign direct investment at China. However, this largely reflects China’s rising economic heft and firms are reducing their …
26th June 2023
Note: We’re talking inflation and the BOJ, slowing Indian growth, and regional monetary easing in our Asia Drop-In on Thursday, 22 nd June. Register now . The female participation rate has surged over the past decade but more favourable attitudes among …
19th June 2023
Note: We’re talking inflation and the BOJ, slowing Indian growth, and regional monetary easing in our Asia Drop-In on Thursday, 22 nd June. Register now . The Bank of Japan left its monetary policy settings and assessment of the economy unchanged today. …
16th June 2023
While selling its exchange-traded fund (ETF) holdings at book value to the government wouldn’t impair the Bank of Japan’s balance sheet, we don’t think it would provide the boost to fiscal revenue that policymakers seem to be hoping for. And while the …
14th June 2023
Job vacancies haven’t surged in Japan because the participation rate has risen since the start of the pandemic and there hasn’t been a “Great Resignation” amongst Japanese workers. With the labour market set to loosen this year, wage growth will remain …
5th June 2023
Many commentators have pinned the recent outperformance of Japan’s stock market on the stronger focus by Japanese firms to maximise shareholder value. But while those efforts showed some success in the run-up to the pandemic, there hasn’t been much …
30th May 2023
Most of the recent acceleration in services inflation reflects pass-through of higher goods prices. While firms have become more willing to pass on higher input costs, we still think that sluggish wage growth and the recent slump in import prices means …
22nd May 2023
The slowdown in regular earnings at the start of the year largely reflects sampling changes, with an unchanged sample of firms reporting continued strong wage growth. However, with inflation set to come off the boil before long and the labour market …
4th May 2023
The Bank of Japan predicted that inflation will fall well below its 2% target in FY2025 when it kept policy settings unchanged today. And while it pledged to conduct a review into its policy measures, the results will only be unveiled next year. The …
28th April 2023
The turmoil in the US banking system is likely to set off the worst decline in Japan’s commercial real estate prices since the Global Financial Crisis by prompting foreign investors to stop buying Japanese assets. In the worst-case scenario, GDP will …
27th April 2023
A higher corporate tax would reduce corporate sector surpluses and could stimulate demand if the additional revenue were used to finance higher public spending or transfers to households. But the tax would have to be raised to implausibly high levels to …
17th April 2023
