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The Polish government’s ambitious plans to raise defence and social spending are unlikely to be achieved without pushing up the public debt-to-GDP ratio later this decade. Imminent risks to the sustainability of the public finances still appear relatively …
13th June 2023
With less than a year and a half to go until the next general election, calls for the Chancellor, Jeremy Hunt, to cut a range of taxes have been growing. But recent economic developments mean the Chancellor is unlikely to have much fiscal firepower …
12th June 2023
Having fallen steadily for much of the last year, European natural gas prices surged last week. The catalyst was constrained supply. Given seasonally high stocks and subdued demand, we are not worried yet about another price spike. But Europe has to avoid …
While we anticipate that the ECB will deliver more rate hikes this year, we don’t think that this would trigger another leg up in long-term euro-zone government bond yields. In fact, we suspect that yields will fall a bit over the rest of 2023, partly …
8th June 2023
Refinancing risks increase The recent upward revision to our mortgage rate forecast and the fact that the majority of those that need to refinance this year are on two-year fixes means that we are now more worried about the risk posed by refinancing. …
Recent economic difficulties have forced online retail to tighten their returns policies. At face value, this seems good news for retail property as it may shift demand back to stores for certain categories. However the change is unlikely to be a big …
Normalising supply could make future drop in demand more damaging The significant improvement in the RICS survey in May echoed the pause in house price falls in the past few months. But the survey also showed an increase in supply, which could …
More than €1trn of TLTROs will be redeemed over the next eighteen months, significantly reducing euro-zone banks’ liquidity and pushing up their funding costs as they adjust their balance sheets. Banks may also increase their holdings of government bonds …
7th June 2023
A version of this report was published as an opinion piece in the Financial Times on Wednesday 7 th June Signs that newly re-elected Turkish president Erdogan is willing to move away from unorthodox economic policies has led to an increase in investor …
Many of the factors that explain the UK’s chronically weak GDP growth since the pandemic, such as the shrinking of the UK’s workforce and low export growth, won’t disappear any time soon. This explains why we expect the UK economy’s underperformance to …
6th June 2023
Early 2023 data revealed that the German industrial market has slowed considerably following the exuberance of a year ago. And looking ahead the outlook is not much brighter. We were already anticipating a significant moderation of rent growth this year …
5th June 2023
The recent decline in the number of job vacancies suggests that the upward pressure on wage growth from labour shortages is probably past its peak. But it’s still not clear that wage growth will slow fast enough to ease the Bank of England’s concerns over …
Although the economy weathered the cost of living crisis much better than most expected, the full force of the cost of borrowing crunch has yet to be felt. And with it looking as though interest rates need to rise further to quash inflation, we think the …
1st June 2023
In contrast to the deceleration across the rest of Europe, the rise in CEE yields in Q1 was bigger than in Q4, driven predominantly by the industrial sector. As the yield gap with the euro-zone is still narrow and valuations are more stretched that …
We think that the slump in demand for mortgages will more than offset the support from the high backlog of work and result in a sizeable contraction in euro-zone construction output in the coming quarters. Euro-zone construction output – which accounts …
30th May 2023
High net immigration helps explain why rental growth accelerated to its fastest pace on record last year. Immigration won’t be as high this year, adding to the reasons to think that rental growth has peaked. But strong pay growth, high mortgage rates and …
The upward revision to our Bank Rate forecast suggests that mortgage rates will return to a similar peak as last autumn by the end of the year. That would undermine the recent pick-up in mortgage approvals and lead to renewed falls in house prices. Higher …
The labour markets in Norway and Sweden remain very tight, in line with conditions in the euro-zone. This is likely to keep services inflation high over the coming months and encourage the Norges Bank and Riksbank to raise rates further. The labour market …
26th May 2023
President Erdogan looks set to secure victory in the second round of Turkey’s presidential election on 28 th May. This Update sets out how we think this would play out in Turkey’s financial markets this year: in short, we think that measures of Turkey’s …
25th May 2023
While it is a hot political potato, well targeted migration could be one part of the solution to the UK’s labour shortages problem. That could help inflation and interest rates be lower than otherwise. Net migration of 606,000 in the year to December 2022 …
The increase in mortgage rates has been the main determinant of the size of house price falls in developed market economies. Very tight supply in the US, and to a lesser extent the UK, has also supported prices in those markets. Employment, incomes, …
History suggests that in the absence of a major financial shock, central banks usually leave interest rates at their peak for a year or more. That’s consistent with our view that the ECB is unlikely to start cutting interest rates until around the middle …
24th May 2023
The most troubling aspect of April’s inflation data, released earlier today, was evidence that price pressures are becoming increasingly domestically generated. Accordingly, we now expect the Bank of England to raise interest rates further than we …
National GDP data released so far suggest that euro-zone exports rose in Q1. However we suspect they will be more subdued in the coming quarters as a result of weak global growth. We have recently investigated the reasons behind the strength of euro-zone …
22nd May 2023
More convincing evidence of a loosening in the labour market and an easing in labour costs growth has started to emerge. It may not prevent the Bank of England from raising interest rate above 4.50%. But it does tentatively support our view that the peak …
Our best guess is that the impact of monetary policy tightening on euro-zone economic activity will be less than five percent of GDP, which is the lower end of a range estimated in an ECB Economic Bulletin paper this week. However, even that could be …
18th May 2023
Economies across Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) have significantly underperformed the euro-zone and the rest of the world in recent quarters, which has its roots in the scale of the inflation shock that the region suffered and the impact on domestic …
The aggregate supply of labour in the euro-zone has recovered comparatively well from the pandemic, albeit with big differences between the major economies. But despite this, the labour market is very tight throughout the region and wage growth looks set …
After stalling at the end of last year export growth seems to have provided a boost to the euro-zone economy in the first quarter of 2023. However, we doubt that exports will be a major source of growth over the rest of the year given our downbeat …
17th May 2023
May’s IPF Consensus Forecasts highlighted another upgrade to short-term euro-zone office rental expectations. Our figures remain significantly weaker for 2023. From next year, our view is closer to the IPF average, though we still think the consensus …
Borrowing over a longer period significantly reduces monthly mortgage payments. So the accelerated shift towards loans with a term of 35 or 40 years rather than 25 has probably helped to mitigate the drag on buyer demand from higher interest rates. Higher …
15th May 2023
We think that investors are underestimating the scale of interest rate cuts in the UK next year. If we’re correct, that could propel Gilts to the top of the class for local-currency returns over the rest of 2023. Local-currency returns from ICE BofA’s …
12th May 2023
We doubt sterling’s strong run will continue; we still think that an economic downturn in the UK and other advanced economies will lead to renewed downward pressure on sterling later this year. Despite falling back a bit, to ~1.25 against the US dollar, …
The recent downgrading of Swedish property company SBB’s credit rating to “junk” and the ensuing market fallout have highlighted financing fragilities in the Swedish property market. But, while SBB is not alone in facing a sizeable financing challenge, we …
11th May 2023
Today’s 25 basis point (bps) rise in interest rates from 4.25% to 4.50% takes rates to our long-held forecast and may be the last hike, although one or two more hikes are possible. We suspect the subsequent holding phase will be fairly long, lasting until …
Greece has arguably been the positive surprise in the euro-zone over the past few years and near-term prospects look good. However, the forthcoming election may usher in a coalition government which is less committed to reforms and fiscal stability than …
10th May 2023
Note: We discussed Turkey’s election in an online briefing on 10th May. Watch it here . There’s a lot of optimism that the opposition will emerge victorious in Turkey’s elections, which would pave the way for a return to orthodox economic policy. Were …
Our central scenario is that Italy’s public debt-to-GDP ratio will decline gradually in the long-run. However, the government will need to maintain sizeable primary budget surpluses to make that happen. The European Commission has recently made a series …
5th May 2023
Although rent growth has been resilient, as the Swedish economy enters recession and employment contracts, we think the recent slowdown in Stockholm office occupier demand will persist. And with new office supply set to reach record highs in the next few …
We think that the tailwinds supporting the rebound in the euro against the US dollar have largely run their course, and still forecast the EUR/USD rate to return to parity as advanced economies fall into recessions later this year. Even after falling …
We forecast small further falls in the yields of long-dated US Treasuries and euro-zone sovereign bonds between now and the end of next year, as disinflation picks up steam and central banks turn more dovish. Investors largely shrugged off this week’s …
4th May 2023
Today’s 25bp decision was in line with market expectations and the views of most forecasters polled by Reuters – though we had been in the minority forecasting 50bp. The move marks a slowing in the pace of policy tightening and suggests at face value that …
The Czech central bank (CNB) left its main policy rate on hold at 7.00% as expected today, but it looks like policymakers set out to strengthen their hawkish rhetoric and downplay expectations of an imminent cut in interest rates. The message was loud and …
3rd May 2023
Note: We'll be discussing Turkey's election in an online briefing at 09:00 EDT/14:00 BST on 10th May . Register here . Parliamentary and presidential elections on 14 th May will make or break macroeconomic stability in Turkey. As things stand it looks …
A combination of the falls in global agricultural commodity prices, energy prices and wage growth will soon drag down food CPI inflation from a 46-year high of 19.6% in March perhaps to around 4.5% by the end of the year. Food inflation will soon become a …
Available data for Q1 suggest that the global economy had a better start to the year than previously feared. That seems to have reflected the post zero-COVID rebound in China and its effects, a boost to spending from a mild winter in the US and ongoing …
Berlin offices have been outperforming those in other German markets for some time. But Q1 data suggest that growth has begun to falter, and we think that the recent strength of the market won’t last. Berlin office rents have risen rapidly over …
The slowdown in European investment intensified in Q1 as transactions more than halved year-on-year. This was perhaps unsurprising given the ongoing price correction amid one of the sharpest tightenings of financial conditions on record. But, with …
28th April 2023
In our view, the role of UK pension funds in deterring firms from listing on the London Stock Exchange has been overstated of late. To the extent that higher valuations are the reason firms find a US listing more attractive, we think there is good reason …
Alongside the publication of our Q2 UK Housing Outlook this week, we held a series of roundtable meetings for clients in London. Here we sum up our thoughts on three key questions which recurred throughout the day: What is the biggest risk to our …
