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This week we got an early sight of just how rapidly the euro-zone economy is collapsing. Meanwhile, the ECB has finally ditched the issuer limits on its asset purchases, freeing itself up to support the sovereign bond market whole-heartedly. But EU …
27th March 2020
Better late than never While it’s been a relatively quiet week on the monetary policy front by recent standards, there is still plenty worth recapping here. The regular weekly data-dump from the SNB early on Monday morning indicated that the Bank made its …
The precipitous fall in oil prices and virus-related plunge in demand is likely to push euro-zone inflation to a record low of -1% in the summer. While the risk of deflation becoming entrenched seems low, we forecast core inflation to average just 0.5% …
Italian output dropping like a stone Italy’s virus containment measures have already caused a huge contraction in activity. We had assumed a peak-to-trough decline in GDP of about 15%, but it could easily fall much further. The business and consumer …
Measuring the economic fallout from the coronavirus is fraught with uncertainty, but the French statistics office estimates that economic activity is currently running a whopping 35% below normal. If so, the downturn in France, and presumably elsewhere, …
26th March 2020
Euro-zone policymakers’ plan to offer precautionary credit lines to some governments is a step in the right direction, but it is too small and not the best tool for the job. It stops well short of fully mutualising the cost of dealing with the virus – …
Unemployment set to rise sharply in Q2 While the fall in the IAB Labour Market Barometer in March points to a modest increase in German unemployment in Q2, the fact that the survey largely pre-dates the ramp-up in containment measures means that further …
Swedish economy set to contract in Q1, and much worse is to come The broad-based drop in Sweden’s Economic Tendency Indicator in March is consistent with the economy contracting by about 0.5-1.0% in Q1. Unfortunately, much worse is set to come in Q2. The …
Business confidence collapses in France The largest-ever fall in French business confidence in March leaves the survey pointing to a severe slump in activity at the end of Q1. But the reality is almost certainly much worse than this. The plunge in …
It now seems likely that euro-zone policymakers will exploit the European Stability Mechanism’s lending capacity to offer financial help to all member states to tackle the hit from the coronavirus. This should be fairly easy to do, but on its own it is …
25th March 2020
Services sector grinding to a halt The Ifo survey gives a similar message to the PMI: the German economy is collapsing, with services bearing the brunt. And the situation is likely to get worse in April. It’s no great surprise that March’s Ifo Business …
We think the unemployment rate in the euro-zone will surge to about 12% by the end of June, giving up seven years’ worth of gains in a matter of months. Much of this may prove temporary if the economy rebounds in the second half of the year, as we assume, …
24th March 2020
The slump in output has only just begun March’s slump in the euro-zone Composite PMI is so sharp that at any other time it would look like a spreadsheet error. But now it is all too believable, and April’s data could be even worse. The decline in the …
Germany’s supplementary budget for nearly 5% of GDP sets an example that other euro-zone countries are likely to follow. However, we suspect that the costs will end up being much higher even than this. Media reports indicate that the German government …
23rd March 2020
The cost of the coronavirus crisis could push Italy’s public debt ratio up to 160% of GDP or more in 2020. This shouldn’t spark a crisis this year because the ECB will stand behind the bond market, but unless the euro-zone agrees more collective support …
Sharp drop in confidence just the start of a long slump The plunge in the EC euro-zone consumer confidence index in March – its largest fall on record – leaves it consistent with household spending plummeting. Given the continued fast spread of the virus, …
The slump in the prices of commodities has hit hard the currencies of the countries whose fortunes depend heavily on them. (See Chart 1.) But if we are right and commodity prices eventually recover as the coronavirus pandemic is brought under control, …
While the ECB’s extra €750bn in bond purchases has reduced financial market stress, governments also need to deliver a large fiscal response without triggering a fresh sovereign debt crisis. In our view, a good way to do so would be to adapt the ESM to …
20th March 2020
Norges Bank opens door to further rate cuts Harold Wilson famously said that a week is a long time in politics, and this week demonstrated that the same can be true for central banks. While policymakers everywhere have not exactly been sitting on their …
It’s been a long week. Rather than recount every twist and turn, we will highlight a few points that seem particularly worth making. First, the decline in GDP looks set to be even bigger than we had assumed. We now think that economy will shrink by about …
While the Swiss National Bank left its key policy rate on hold at -0.75% this morning, it made all the right noises by making its exemptions to the banking sector from negative interest rates even more generous, and pledging to provide liquidity to the …
19th March 2020
First business survey for March points to very sharp declines in output March’s German Ifo survey was very downbeat, but it may even understate the decline in business sentiment. While the ECB’s expansion of QE is a positive step towards containing the …
The ECB announced late yesterday evening a new €750bn programme of bond purchases which is intended to contain borrowing costs for southern economies. This gives it a lot more firepower which should help to contain financial stress in the near term, but …
The combination of the government responses to the coronavirus and the slump in economic activity will cause euro-zone budget balances to deteriorate by at least 10-15% of GDP this year. While this may be manageable for most countries so long as …
18th March 2020
The economic slump in the euro-zone increasingly threatens to trigger a wider financial sector crisis. In order to head off the risks to the banking sector, the ECB will need to provide unequivocal support for sovereign bonds, allowing governments to …
With the euro-zone economy set to contract by 10-15% q/q in Q2 as numerous businesses come to a standstill, governments will have no choice but to provide support to businesses and households on an unprecedented scale. However, this would be far more …
17th March 2020
Investor sentiment points to big falls in GDP The sharp drops in the ZEW measures of German and euro-zone investor sentiment in March came as no surprise, and point to sharp falls in GDP. Things are likely to get much worse in Q2, when we expect euro-zone …
Last week’s ECB decision gave it more ammunition to combat the fallout from the coronavirus, but it will not be enough. We now think the Bank will soon make an explicit commitment to keep sovereign bond yields low for all governments at least for the …
16th March 2020
Norges Bank and Riksbank are ruling nothing out After a bruising week for equities and the Norwegian krone, it is half-encouraging that the Nordic authorities are all singing off the same hymn sheet. Nonetheless, policymakers will not be able to prevent …
13th March 2020
The situation in euro-zone financial markets went from awful to absolutely disastrous this week as the coronavirus spread across the region. Monday’s rout was followed by a collapse in global equity prices on Thursday. European stocks had their worst …
While the widespread re-introduction of border controls in Europe does not seem likely at present, it is possible that more governments turn to them as part of a wider policy response against the coronavirus. Any negative impact on cross-border workers …
The measures unveiled by the ECB today were as substantial as expected. But, along with Ms Lagarde’s comments, they underlined that the ECB has little firepower left, that there has been no coordinated fiscal response, and that the Bank is reluctant to …
12th March 2020
The spread of the coronavirus, and the related real-time economic and market disruption, means that a large swathe of hard and survey data released during the past month is old news. Consequently, this publication will now focus on fewer, timely and …
The coronavirus poses a significant risk to euro-zone banks. Based on our current forecast for a 1% or so decline in GDP this year, loan losses would be manageable. But a much deeper recession may well force banks to reduce their lending and governments …
11th March 2020
Amid a raft of rate cuts by other G10 central banks, and the recent plunge in oil prices, we have pencilled in a 50bp rate cut at the Norges Bank’s meeting next Thursday. We expect policymakers to follow up with a further 50bp of cuts in Q2, and the krone …
As it stands, we think that the direct impact of the coronavirus on the Swiss insurance industry is likely to be manageable. However, the indirect impact from lower-for-longer bond yields will only add to the structural headwinds that have affected …
10th March 2020
The spread of the coronavirus to Europe means that it is household spending and tourism that are likely to be hardest hit in the coming months, rather supply chains and exports, which initially appeared most vulnerable. This means that southern euro-zone …
In the current circumstances, any economic forecasts come with a huge pinch of salt. But we now think the euro-zone economy will experience a deep slump in Q2 this year, causing GDP to decline by more than 1% in 2020 overall. Provided that the virus is …
As a share of the population, Italy already has double the number of coronavirus cases as China, and the entire country is now in quarantine. (See Chart 1.) We think that this is likely to cause its economy to contract sharply in Q1 and Q2, and now …
Against a backdrop of rising pressure on major central banks to loosen policy in response to coronavirus, we now forecast the Riksbank to cut its repo rate back into negative territory at its 28 th April decision, if not before. However, as in other …
9th March 2020
Output set to slump again The rise in German industrial production in January provides no relief for policymakers, who should now be braced for a new slump as Covid-19 spreads throughout Europe. Industrial output is likely to fall more steeply in Q1 and …
Sell-off concentrating minds The market slump is galvanising policymakers into action. At the time of writing, the Euro Stoxx 50 was 15% below its mid-February peak and the ten-year Bund yield close to its all-time low. (See Chart 1.) This, of course, …
6th March 2020
Pressure building on the SNB to cut rates While the 0.2% increase in Swiss GDP in Q4 2019 was in line with our forecast, attention has understandably moved on to the economic impact of the coronavirus and the coming policy response. There is little in the …
The response by policymakers, households and firms to the spread of the coronavirus looks set to take a heavy toll on Italy’s economy. We suspect that GDP will contract in both Q1 and Q2, and that over the year as a whole it will shrink by about 0.5%. It …
5th March 2020
Other than a lengthening of supplier delivery times in February, there is little evidence that the shutdown in the Chinese economy has had much impact on the euro-zone economy so far. Indeed, business surveys generally point to a slight pick-up in …
4th March 2020
Coronavirus hit to consumption will weigh on growth The increase in euro-zone retail sales data in January suggests that household consumption picked up at the beginning of the year, but we suspect that spending will drop in Q2 as the Covid-19 virus …
Coronavirus to exacerbate downward pressure on Swiss inflation The return of deflation to Switzerland in February will only strengthen the policymakers’ resolve to prevent the franc from rising much further. Following yesterday’s emergency rate cut by the …
The Bank will cut its forecasts for GDP growth and inflation in light of the virus. On balance, we think it will reduce its deposit rate by 10bp next week. We also expect the Bank to tweak the terms of its longer-term financing operations. The ECB will …
3rd March 2020
Coronavirus to dampen inflation pressures further February’s fall in inflation reflected the decline in energy prices as a result of the coronavirus outbreak. But if the virus starts to sap domestic demand, then core inflation may decline slightly in the …
The stronger-than-expected increase in Swiss GDP growth in Q4 provides a higher base for annual growth rates at the start of this year than we had previously assumed. Nonetheless, following the surge in coronavirus cases, we now expect the economy to …
