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Protests against a large copper mine have raged in Panama over the past few weeks. If mine production ceased, there would be noticeable impact on global supply but the risk of this happening is small. The mine is a key part of Panama’s economy and is only …
9th November 2023
We have raised our gold price forecast to reflect the current heightened geopolitical risk. We think the price will rise further next year as the limited fallout from the conflict won’t prevent the US Fed from starting to cut interest rates in 2024. Our …
The PMI surveys released so far for China weakened in October with the manufacturing PMIs falling back into contractionary territory. We think China’s demand for commodities will be supported by further fiscal stimulus over the next few months, but a …
1st November 2023
Further falls in global steel supply are likely Monthly global steel output in September fell in year-on-year terms for the first time in 2023, in large part due to a contraction in China’s production. With demand set to remain weak and low profitability …
24th October 2023
Robust supply growth, but it is mostly a China story After reaching a record high in August, global aluminium production eased back in September but remained strong. Given that demand growth is relatively subdued, the increase in global supply may only …
20th October 2023
2023 is on track to be the warmest year on record, but somewhat ominously the headwinds to the green transition have strengthened this year. Some of these will prove temporary, particularly as short-term policy interest rates start to come down. That …
19th October 2023
Cobalt is likely to keep its position as a leading battery metal for years to come, but its high cost compared to alternative metals means that cobalt demand won’t grow as fast as overall battery production. This is a key reason why we think that the …
13th October 2023
This dashboard presents our long-term price forecasts for Brent crude oil, copper, aluminium and wheat out to 2050. If you can't see the full interactive experience, including all of the charts and tables, and would like to enquire about upgrading, …
The trend of rapid increases in industrial metals supply this year is likely to unwind over the next few years for copper, but we think nickel supply growth will remain robust. We think that divergence will be a key reason why the price of copper will …
5th October 2023
The sell-off in bond markets has taken a breather today, helped in part by softer data on the US labour market. However, the scale of the moves over the past week has invoked comparisons to previous financial crises that have been caused by sharp moves in …
4th October 2023
Our in-house metals demand proxies show that growth was subdued in mid-2023. There could be some pick-up in the coming months owing to additional Chinese infrastructure spending, but we think a more sustainable revival in global demand will only emerge in …
29th September 2023
Overview – We expect most commodity prices to struggle over the rest of this year as developed economies flirt with recession, the US dollar remains strong and investor risk appetite moderates. That said, we wouldn’t be surprised if the Brent oil price …
26th September 2023
Global steel production growth continues to struggle The slowdown in global steel production in August is consistent with our long-held view that slowing demand will weigh on production in the second half of this year. Weakening demand stems from slowing …
25th September 2023
A healthier picture of aluminium supply An increase in year-on-year production growth, coupled with upward revisions to the back data, means that global aluminium supply is much stronger than previously thought. Production reached a record high in August …
20th September 2023
Based on our view that US economic growth will prove resilient, despite the rise in interest rates, and that US inflation will ease, we expect the gold price to fall to $1,800 per ounce by year-end. Since rising to around $2,000 per ounce on safe-haven …
15th September 2023
We think the recent rally in the iron ore price will soon go into reverse. Steel demand in China has surged in recent months, but we think that will prove temporary. China’s steelmakers should cut back on production once the boost to demand from a pick-up …
14th September 2023
China’s announced support for the property sector and the extent of fiscal stimulus is modest, but it will help to support base metals demand in the coming months. Accordingly, we expect prices to tread water over the rest of 2023. Prices should rise in …
6th September 2023
We think that the silver price will fall over the next few months. But as macroeconomic and financial factors switch from a drag to a boost to demand, and as photovoltaic demand gathers pace, the price should recover in 2024. While the silver price has …
31st August 2023
Absent major fiscal stimulus in China, global steel demand growth will be weak in the next few months. Accordingly, we forecast price declines in major steel markets towards year-end. Only when economic growth recovers and interest rates fall do we see …
29th August 2023
Global steel production continues to stagnate Global steel production will probably continue to edge lower in the next few months, following the latest month-on-month decline revealed by the WSA today. Crucially, we think that steel demand will soften as …
22nd August 2023
Global aluminium supply slides into contraction Global aluminium production growth slowed for the seventh consecutive month and dipped into contractionary territory in July on the back of weakness in China. We think production growth will stagnate as …
21st August 2023
The outlook for industrial metals demand has deteriorated alongside the weakening of China’s economy this year, particularly in the property sector. Monetary and fiscal stimulus might paper over the cracks, but we doubt it will be enough to do much more …
16th August 2023
Given the dominance of coal in China’s energy mix, a medium-sized electric vehicle (EV) produced there currently starts life with a “carbon debt” almost twice that of an equivalent internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle. However, the greater efficiency …
15th August 2023
We expect targeted stimulus in China to put a floor under base metals prices in the remainder of 2023. But the slowdown in developed economies (DMs) will prevent significant gains. Prices should start to pick up in 2024 as monetary easing takes hold in …
8th August 2023
Global energy consumption has increased in most countries over the past century (1) and has long been dominated by fossil fuels (2) . Energy consumption typically rises in tandem with income. We forecast that global incomes will rise in real terms over …
Global growth in steel output stagnating Global steel production growth picked up in June, albeit only to a pace consistent with stagnant growth. With the rise in output in China on shaky ground and weak demand beginning to weigh on supply in other …
25th July 2023
Aluminium production remains strong but growth is softening Global aluminium production growth eased again in June, in a sign that smelters are responding to weak demand growth. We think that production growth will remain subdued over the next few months …
20th July 2023
China’s recent announcement of export restrictions on two metals used to make semiconductors serves as a reminder that China dominates production of metals needed for the green transition. We have warned in the past that the green transition is unlikely …
The widely-differing impact of El Niño across continents means that the net effect on global mining output is not clear cut. On balance, though, the likelihood is that it will lead to lower ore output, particularly of copper, and that it will be a factor …
18th July 2023
Not so long ago, a higher 10-year TIPS yield almost invariably meant an underperformance of US “growth” stocks vis-à-vis their “value” peers, a lower gold price, and a stronger dollar. That’s changed in 2023, though, with the relationships weakening …
13th July 2023
How will the combination of El Niño and human-driven global warming affect commodities and economic performance over the short and long term? … El Niño – Macro, policy and market …
7th July 2023
Expectations of fiscal stimulus in China have thrown previously floundering copper prices a lifeline. If policymakers go ahead, that may keep a floor under prices before a turnaround in construction in China and accelerating electric vehicle rollouts …
5th July 2023
We recently held a Drop-in titled “Industry’s decarbonisation challenge – From aviation to property”, which you can view on-demand here . This Update addresses some of the questions we received during the event, including those that we did not have time …
3rd July 2023
Overview – We expect most commodity prices to struggle this year against a backdrop of a stronger dollar and deteriorating investor risk appetite. Energy-related commodities will be the exception. We expect prices to tick up later in the year owing to …
29th June 2023
Steel mills slamming the brakes on production Global steel production fell sharply in y/y terms in May. Against the backdrop of subdued demand and stringent supply caps in China, the supply outlook over the next few months appears bleak. According to the …
21st June 2023
Aluminium production growth could start to pick up soon If reports of a forthcoming easing of output restrictions in Yunnan province are accurate, then the ongoing slowdown in China’s aluminium production growth could come to an end soon. Much will also …
20th June 2023
We think that the lead price will struggle over the next few months as high interest rates weigh on new vehicle (and lead-acid battery) demand growth and new supply comes online in Australia and Germany. Heading into 2024, we think that the shift to …
19th June 2023
Overview – Most commodity prices have moved lower over the past month as concerns about demand loomed large and the US dollar strengthened. We think that prices will continue to struggle over the next few months, but energy and metals prices should rise …
7th June 2023
Growth in China’s commodity imports generally was strong in May, with a notable rise in crude oil imports. While the data are consistent with our above-consensus outlook for China’s growth this year, a note of caution needs to be applied. Export demand …
Lower steel production in April a sign of things to come Steel mills reduced output in April in y/y terms, meaning that global production is down year-to-date. We think that producers will continue to limit output for a few more months due to tepid …
23rd May 2023
Our in-house metals demand proxies show that growth held steady in February. While growth will accelerate in the coming months due to base effects, we think that underlying demand is more subdued. The CE Demand Proxies aim to measure physical demand for …
18th May 2023
Overview – Most commodity prices have moved lower over the past month as concerns about demand have intensified and risk appetite has soured. We think prices will continue to struggle over the next few months as tight monetary policy feeds into slowdowns …
16th May 2023
Concern about banks and the US debt ceiling will keep the gold price historically high in the next few months. However, once these worries fade, we think that longer-term headwinds will come into play. At around $2,010 per ounce today, the gold price …
5th May 2023
The key message from the latest China PMIs is that whilst China’s economy is likely to grow strongly this quarter, momentum is fading. This will be one factor weighing on commodity prices in the near term. China’s Caixin manufacturing PMI fell from 50.0 …
4th May 2023
The global energy market is in the early days of a radical redesign due to the need to cut greenhouse gas emissions. In this Focus , we introduce our long-term energy market forecasts, which are characterised by continued growth in energy consumption and …
27th April 2023
In this new quarterly publication, the Capital Economics’ Climate and Commodities teams will track and analyse developments in the transition to a greener global economy. The sharp increases in the lifetime costs of wind and solar projects since 2021 …
26th April 2023
Supply reviving, but the demand picture remains subdued There were clear signs of a pick-up in global steel production in March, led by China, but output in the EU also ticked up. However, the rise in supply is going hand in hand with increasing stocks. …
21st April 2023
Norsk Hydro strikes will weigh on European aluminium output Global production growth y/y slowed in March and came close to stalling. In fact, excluding China, global production growth was 0%. These latest data are consistent with our view that output …
20th April 2023
Our in-house demand proxies for industrial metals picked up at the start of 2023, which is consistent with China re-opening and resilient macroeconomic data in most advanced economies. What’s more, we suspect that growth will have accelerated in …
19th April 2023
Yesterday, OPEC+ members announced voluntary cuts to production from May until the end of the year. In total, the cuts amount to 1.16m bpd or about 1.1% of global supply, with Saudi Arabia accounting for the lion’s share of 0.5m bpd. At the same time, …
3rd April 2023